What does the idea/expression dichotomy in copyright indicate?

The idea/expression dichotomy in copyright law is a fundamental principle that delineates the boundary between what can be protected under copyright and what cannot. Specifically, it establishes that copyright protects the expression of an idea, but not the underlying idea itself.

This means that while an author can copyright their unique way of expressing a thought, concept, or theme—such as through specific wording, structure, or artistic interpretation—anyone is free to use the underlying idea without fear of infringing on copyright. This dichotomy is crucial in promoting creativity and ensuring that the public domain is preserved for general ideas that can be freely utilized and built upon by others.

For instance, if a novel presents a story about a time-traveling character, the specific characters, dialogues, and plot developments are protected by copyright because they reflect an original expression. However, the general concept of time travel is not protected, allowing other creators to explore similar themes in their own way. This principle helps to balance the rights of creators with the public interest in accessing and building upon ideas.